5.1 Risk factors
The following risk factors are described:
- Genetic disposition; PVD is linked to genetic patterns that have a high level of infection and whiteness of the skin;
- Neural functioning and density; the function of nerve vessels in the vestibulum seems disturbed, possibly as a reaction to the high infection rates. The elevated nerve density (x10!) may lead to hyper sensitivity and a vicious circle of pain-proliferation-pain etc.;
- Hormones; hormonal variables may play a role because oral anti conception coincides with a relative risk of 6.3 on PVD (9.3 if started with OAC before 16 years old);
- Sensitization; sensitization for sperm has been reported;
- Ethnicity; PVD is hardly seen in non-western populations; this however is no guarantee for a racial protection mechanism;
- Age; PVD used to be seen as a young women disease, however recent research has shown that it also occurs in older women.